Similarities And Differences Between Prokaryotic And...

There are many different kinds of cells, but the biggest division is between the cells of the prokaryotic kingdom (the bacteria) and those of the other four kingdoms (animals, plants, fungi and protoctista), which are all eukaryotes. Prokaryotes and eukaryotes are both believed to have originated from LUCA, the last universal common ancestor (Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia). Prokaryotic cells are smaller and simpler than eukaryotic cells, and do not consist of a nucleus or any membrane-bound organelles. (Klitou,2012). Prokaryotes were the only form of life on Earth for millions of years until more complicated eukaryotic cells came, through the process of evolution. According to the symbiotic association hypothesis, it states that the eukaryotic kingdom was developed when ancient anaerobic hosts where engulfed which then developed into the first organelles producing energy (Vellai, Vida, 1999). Moreover prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells have many similarities but also differen ces. The differences categorize cells under prokaryotes or eukaryotes and thus determine the functions and process the cell can undertake. Prokaryotes and eukaryotes are both composed of cells. They contain DNA as a heritable genetic material either in the nucleus, in eukaryotes, or in a coiled loop in the cytoplasm in a region called the nucleoid, in prokaryotes. All cells reproduce in order to increase in number, therefore as a result of replication, during the interphase stage, transcriptionShow MoreRelatedSimilarities And Differences Between Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Cells1563 Words   |  7 Pagesfirst to divide cells into either prokaryotes or eukaryotes. Eukaryotic cells are typically larger and include protists, plants, fungi and animal cells. They are described as ‘a type of cell with membrane-enclosed organelles and membrane-enclosed nucleus’ (Cain et al, 2014, p171). A typically smaller prokaryotic cell ‘lacks a membrane-enclosed nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles’; this term includes the domains of bacteria and Archaea (Cain et al, 2014, p171). Prokaryotic cells evolved earlierRead MoreSimilarities And Differences Between Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Cells1572 Words   |  7 PagesDictionaries is a cell in which DNA is arranged in chromosomes that are â€Å"contained within a distinct nucleus†. The name prokaryotes is also defined by the Oxford dictionary as an organism that does not contain a ‘distinct nucleus with a membrane’. These two terms highlighted a very important difference between the two cells; eukaryotic cells had a true nucleus surrounded by a membrane but the prokaryotes did not. The following essay seeks to compare and contrast typical prokaryotic cells to typical eukaryoticRead MoreThe Differences Between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Organisms Essay1696 Words   |  7 Pageswill outline the division between the prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms and explore the reasoning behind such differences with regard to general structure, storage of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and its replication, metabolic processes, protein synthesis and ribonucleic acid (RNA) processing. The cell is the most basic unit of life, defined as â€Å"The fundamental ... structural and functional unit of all living organisms† (Oxford University Press, 2008). The prokaryotic cell is typically composed ofRead MoreProkaryotic Cells Essay797 Words   |  4 PagesProkaryotic Cells All living things are made of cells, and cells are the smallest units that can be alive. Life on Earth is classified into five kingdoms, and they each have their own characteristic kind of cell. However the biggest division is between the cells of the prokaryote kingdom (monera, the bacteria) and those of the other four kingdoms (animals, plants, fungi and protoctista), which are all eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells are smaller and simpler than eukaryoticRead MoreBiology Lesson Plan Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes663 Words   |  3 PagesA Semi-Detailed Lesson Plan in BIOLOGY Date: January 22, 2013 Time: 7:30-8:30 Section: BSEd-2B I. Objective(s) At the end of the 60-minute period, at least 75% of the student’s should be able to: 1. Differentiate prokaryotic from eukaryotic cells. II. Subject Matter a. Topic: Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes b. References: b.1. Department of Education. 2002. Operations Handbook in Biology: 2002 Basic Education Curriculum Secondary Level. II. 1. 1.4. b.2. Department of EducationRead MoreA Critical Analysis Of The Theory Of Endosymbiosis And It s Supporting Evidence1641 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The endosymbiotic theory is an evolutionary theory explaining the origin of Eukaryotic cells from Prokaryotic, and is at present; the most widely accepted evolutionary theory of the Eukaryotic cell. The theory explains the origins of mitochondria and chloroplasts and their double membranes, suggesting that chloroplasts and mitochondria represent formerly free-living bacteria that were taken into a cell as an endosymbiont. Molecular evidence suggests that mitochondria developed from proteobacteriaRead MoreBiology : Cell Structure And Function1305 Words   |  6 PagesYour Full Name: UMUC Biology 102/103 Lab 3: Cell Structure and Function INSTRUCTIONS: †¢ On your own and without assistance, complete this Lab 3Answer Sheet electronically and submit it via the Assignments Folder by the date listed in the Course Schedule (under Syllabus). †¢ To conduct your laboratory exercises, use the Laboratory Manual located under Course Content. Read the introduction and the directions for each exercise/experiment carefully before completing the exercises/experiments and answeringRead MoreDna And The Creation And Proper Functioning Of Every Living Organism919 Words   |  4 Pagesprovided for each cell that divides. Each cell’s responsibility is coordinated by the piece of DNA and thus, makes it a very valuable part of the cell and organism. So what are the methods of replicating DNA in eukaryotes and prokaryotes? DNA replication in prokaryotes consists of several enzymes and proteins which are responsible for different tasks, but together make the process seem effortless. DNA replication in eukaryotes is similar, but more complicated given that eukaryotic chromosomes areRead MoreDifferences Between Eukaryotes And Eukaryotes850 Words   |  4 PagesAll living things are made up of cells. Cells are the basic buildin g blocks for all units of life and can be characterised into two distinct types: Eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Prokaryotes are the oldest and most primitive forms of life and can be distinguished from eukaryotes as they lack a distinct nucleus. Prokaryotes can be further classified into two domains: bacteria and archaea. Together, bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes make up what is known as ‘The three domains of life† which divides allRead MoreReproduction, Symbiosis, And Eukaryotic Cell Essay1621 Words   |  7 PagesMartyrs Ferrahian High School Reproduction, Symbiosis, and the Eukaryotic Cell Research Paper Aram Kazorian AP Biology Mrs. Lee 18 October, 2016 The research that was conducted had the specific purpose of addressing questions on topics of individuality, reproduction, symbiotic relationships, all based around the idea of endosymbionts and the endosymbiotic theory with the eukaryotic cell. Symbiosis are the relationships between organisms that can either harm or benefit themselves. And the Similarities And Differences Between Prokaryotic And... Edouard Chatton (cities in Soyer- Gobillard, 2006) in 1925, was first to divide cells into either prokaryotes or eukaryotes. Eukaryotic cells are typically larger and include protists, plants, fungi and animal cells. They are described as ‘a type of cell with membrane-enclosed organelles and membrane-enclosed nucleus’ (Cain et al, 2014, p171). A typically smaller prokaryotic cell ‘lacks a membrane-enclosed nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles’; this term includes the domains of bacteria and Archaea (Cain et al, 2014, p171). Prokaryotic cells evolved earlier than Eukaryotic cells this is shown by the fact that Prokaryotic means ‘before nucleus’, this earlier evolution resulted in many differences seen between these cell types (Cain et al, 2014, p172), such as different organisation within the cell. However because all cells are thought to have evolved from a Last Universal Common Ancestor (LUCA) (Heaphy, S, 2015) similarities between these cells are also seen such as ribosomes, however further difference can be found within these similarities. Some of these key differences can be seen in the figures below. Figure 1: A typical prokaryotic cell. Left is a diagram of typical prokaryotic bacteria with subcellular structures labelled. Right is an electron microscope of a prokaryotic cell (Taken from Bevington, A, 2015) Figure 2: A typical eukaryotic cell. A diagram of typical eukaryotic animal cell with subcellular structures labelled (Taken from Bevington, A, 2015).Show MoreRelatedSimilarities And Differences Between Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Cells1293 Words   |  6 PagesThere are many different kinds of cells, but the biggest division is between the cells of the prokaryotic kingdom (the bacteria) and those of the other four kingdoms (animals, plants, fungi and protoctista), which are all eukaryotes. Prokaryotes and eukaryotes are both believed to have originated from LUCA, the last universal common ancestor (Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia). Prokaryotic cells are smaller and simpler than eukaryotic cells, and do not consist of a nucleus or any membrane-bound organellesRead MoreSimilarities And Differences Between Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Cells1572 Words   |  7 PagesDictionaries is a cell in which DNA is arranged in chromosomes that are â€Å"contained within a distinct nucleus† . The name prokaryotes is also defined by the Oxford dictionary as an organism that does not contain a ‘distinct nucleus with a membrane’. These two terms highlighted a very important difference between the two cells; eukaryotic cells had a true nucleus surrounded by a membrane but the prokaryotes did not. The following essay seeks to compare and contrast typical prokaryotic cells to typical eukaryoticRead MoreThe Differences Between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Organisms Essay1696 Words   |  7 Pageswill outline the division between the prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms and explore the reasoning behind such differences with regard to general structure, storage of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and its replication, metabolic processes, protein synthesis and ribonucleic acid (RNA) processing. The cell is the most basic unit of life, defined as â€Å"The fundamental ... structural and functional unit of all living organisms† (Oxford University Press, 2008). The prokaryotic cell is typically composed ofRead MoreProkaryotic Cells Essay797 Words   |  4 PagesProkaryotic Cells All living things are made of cells, and cells are the smallest units that can be alive. Life on Earth is classified into five kingdoms, and they each have their own characteristic kind of cell. However the biggest division is between the cells of the prokaryote kingdom (monera, the bacteria) and those of the other four kingdoms (animals, plants, fungi and protoctista), which are all eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells are smaller and simpler than eukaryoticRead MoreBiology Lesson Plan Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes663 Words   |  3 PagesA Semi-Detailed Lesson Plan in BIOLOGY Date: January 22, 2013 Time: 7:30-8:30 Section: BSEd-2B I. Objective(s) At the end of the 60-minute period, at least 75% of the student’s should be able to: 1. Differentiate prokaryotic from eukaryotic cells. II. Subject Matter a. Topic: Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes b. References: b.1. Department of Education. 2002. Operations Handbook in Biology: 2002 Basic Education Curriculum Secondary Level. II. 1. 1.4. b.2. Department of EducationRead MoreA Critical Analysis Of The Theory Of Endosymbiosis And It s Supporting Evidence1641 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The endosymbiotic theory is an evolutionary theory explaining the origin of Eukaryotic cells from Prokaryotic, and is at present; the most widely accepted evolutionary theory of the Eukaryotic cell. The theory explains the origins of mitochondria and chloroplasts and their double membranes, suggesting that chloroplasts and mitochondria represent formerly free-living bacteria that were taken into a cell as an endosymbiont. Molecular evidence suggests that mitochondria developed from proteobacteriaRead MoreBiology : Cell Structure And Function1305 Words   |  6 PagesYour Full Name: UMUC Biology 102/103 Lab 3: Cell Structure and Function INSTRUCTIONS: †¢ On your own and without assistance, complete this Lab 3Answer Sheet electronically and submit it via the Assignments Folder by the date listed in the Course Schedule (under Syllabus). †¢ To conduct your laboratory exercises, use the Laboratory Manual located under Course Content. Read the introduction and the directions for each exercise/experiment carefully before completing the exercises/experiments and answeringRead MoreDna And The Creation And Proper Functioning Of Every Living Organism919 Words   |  4 Pagesprovided for each cell that divides. Each cell’s responsibility is coordinated by the piece of DNA and thus, makes it a very valuable part of the cell and organism. So what are the methods of replicating DNA in eukaryotes and prokaryotes? DNA replication in prokaryotes consists of several enzymes and proteins which are responsible for different tasks, but together make the process seem effortless. DNA replication in eukaryotes is similar, but more complicated given that eukaryotic chromosomes areRead MoreDifferences Between Eukaryotes And Eukaryotes850 Words   |  4 PagesAll living things are made up of cells. Cells are the basic buildin g blocks for all units of life and can be characterised into two distinct types: Eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Prokaryotes are the oldest and most primitive forms of life and can be distinguished from eukaryotes as they lack a distinct nucleus. Prokaryotes can be further classified into two domains: bacteria and archaea. Together, bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes make up what is known as ‘The three domains of life† which divides allRead MoreReproduction, Symbiosis, And Eukaryotic Cell Essay1621 Words   |  7 PagesMartyrs Ferrahian High School Reproduction, Symbiosis, and the Eukaryotic Cell Research Paper Aram Kazorian AP Biology Mrs. Lee 18 October, 2016 The research that was conducted had the specific purpose of addressing questions on topics of individuality, reproduction, symbiotic relationships, all based around the idea of endosymbionts and the endosymbiotic theory with the eukaryotic cell. Symbiosis are the relationships between organisms that can either harm or benefit themselves. And the